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independent samples chi-square (χ 2 ) test  (CH Instruments)

 
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    CH Instruments independent samples chi-square (χ 2 ) test
    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent <t> samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test </t> for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
    Independent Samples Chi Square (χ 2 ) Test, supplied by CH Instruments, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/independent samples chi-square (χ 2 ) test/product/CH Instruments
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    independent samples chi-square (χ 2 ) test - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
    90/100 stars

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    1) Product Images from "The Metabolite Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid of Bacteroides Ovatus Improves Atherosclerosis by Restoring the Polarisation Balance of M1/M2 Macrophages and Inhibiting Inflammation"

    Article Title: The Metabolite Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid of Bacteroides Ovatus Improves Atherosclerosis by Restoring the Polarisation Balance of M1/M2 Macrophages and Inhibiting Inflammation

    Journal: Advanced Science

    doi: 10.1002/advs.202413010

    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.

    Techniques Used: Standard Deviation, MANN-WHITNEY



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    CH Instruments independent samples chi-square (χ 2 ) test
    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent <t> samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test </t> for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
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    one-sample chi-square (χ 2 ) tests  (CH Instruments)
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    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent <t> samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test </t> for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
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    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent <t> samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test </t> for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
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    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent <t> samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test </t> for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.
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    Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.

    Journal: Advanced Science

    Article Title: The Metabolite Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid of Bacteroides Ovatus Improves Atherosclerosis by Restoring the Polarisation Balance of M1/M2 Macrophages and Inhibiting Inflammation

    doi: 10.1002/advs.202413010

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Basic Characteristics of the Study Participants. Normally distributed continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation (SD), non‐normally distributed variables are expressed as the median (interquartile range), and categorical variables are reported as numbers and percentages. All tests were statistically significant with a two‐tailed p ‐value < 0.05. Differences between groups were compared using the independent samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test for categorical variables because they were non‐hierarchical. Normally distributed variables were compared with the independent samples t‐test, and non‐normally variables distributed were compared with the independent samples Mann – Whitney U test. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; Number of bypass vessels, coronary artery bypass grafting; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL‐c, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐c, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.

    Article Snippet: Differences between groups were assessed using the independent samples chi‐square (χ 2 ) test for categorical variables, the independent samples t‐test for normally distributed continuous variables, and the Mann‐Whitney U test for non‐normally distributed continuous variables.

    Techniques: Standard Deviation, MANN-WHITNEY